Coastal Chalk Cliff Instability (Geological Society Engineering Geology Special Publication) (No. 20)

Coastal Chalk Cliff Instability (Geological Society Engineering Geology Special Publication) (No. 20)Geological Society of London ISBN: 1862391505 2006-01-30 PDF 173 pages 7 Mb

Most of the rocky coastlines around the world are subject to active erosion processes. Because of the growing hazard to local communities from coastal cliff retreat, it is necessary to investigate where, when and how cliffs collapse. The results of these studies are vital for the planners and local authorities responsible for safety and access to cliffs and beaches.This volume focuses on the coastal chalk cliffs of the English Channel, where a multidisciplinary approach has been used to understand active coastal cliff recession. The book is organized around three main themes: the geological factors controlling cliff instability, the marine parameters influencing coastal erosion and the use of some new tools for hazard assessments. This book will be of use to academics and professionals working on rocky shores, with an interest in sedimentary geology, stratigraphy, tectonics, geomorphology, engineering geology, coastal engineering and GIS.

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Basic Geological Mapping

Basic Geological MappingWiley ISBN: 047084986X January 16, 2004 English PDF 196 pages 3.37 Mb

Geological mapping cannot be taught by lectures or in a laboratory, it must be learnt in the field. Now in its fourth edition, this is a basic guide to field techniques in mapping geology. Concise and pocket sized so that it can be carried in the field for instant reference.

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Dating and Duration of Fluid Flow and Fluid-Rock Interaction (Geological Society Special Publication No. 144)

Dating and Duration of Fluid Flow and Fluid-Rock Interaction (Geological Society Special Publication No. 144)Publisher: Geological Society of London ISBN: 1862390193 edition 1998 PDF 300 pages 61,6 mb

Fluid flow is fundamental to many geological processes, including the development of natural resources of hydrocarbons, ore deposits and water. Modelling of these processes requires information on the timing of fluid flow events and the interaction of fluids with surrounding rocks. In addition to isotopic methods, a diversity of approaches has been developed to assess the timing of events, including palaeomagnetism, fission track analysis and fluid inclusion studies. Many techniques also provide information on the duration of fluid flow events.The papers in this volume represent the range of approaches to determine the dating and duration of fluid flow events and fluid-rock interaction.The first overview of methods of dating fluid flow; examples of commercial application of dating methods; explanations of methodology; suitable for advanced teaching and with extensive bibliographies. Readership: This volume will be of interest to geologists in the hydrocarbon and minerals industries and in academia, and to geochemists and hydrogeologists.

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Geological Prior Information: Informing Science and Engineering

Geological Prior Information: Informing Science and EngineeringPublisher: Geological Society of London ISBN: 1862391718 edition 2005 PDF 229 pages 27,7 mb

When faced with a scientific problem, researchers usually draw on both existing pertinent knowledge as well as collecting new data in order to construct an answer. Geological prior information is the term used to describe all previously existing knowledge of a geological nature. Examples of such information include field interpretations, process models, expert judgments and common assumptions, together with the uncertainties associated with each.

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Recent Advances in Lower Carboniferous Geology (Geological Society Special Publication No. 107)

Recent Advances in Lower Carboniferous Geology (Geological Society Special Publication No. 107)Publisher: Geological Society of London ISBN: 1897799586 edition 1996 PDF 472 pages 69,9 mb

Rocks of Lower Carboniferous age are widely developed across Europe. Apart from their instrinsic geological interest, they are hosts to major Zn-Pb-Cu-Ba deposits in Ireland and Au-FeS2 deposits in the Iberian Pyrite Belt. Further, the Upper Palaeozoic rocks of Europe are increasingly becoming the target of oil and gas exploration.This book brings together in one volume advances over the last decade in several specialist subdisciplines of geology.
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Imaging, Mapping and Modelling Continental Lithosphere Extension and Breakup (Geological Society Special Publication No. 282)

Imaging, Mapping and Modelling Continental Lithosphere Extension and Breakup (Geological Society Special Publication No. 282) Publisher: Geological Society of London ISBN: 1862392285 edition 2007 PDF 488 pages 51,9 mb

This book summarizes our present understanding of the formation of passive continental margins and their oceancontinent transitions. It outlines the geological, geophysical and petrological observations that characterize extensional systems, and how such observations can guide and constrain dynamic and kinematic models of continental lithosphere extension, break-up and the inception of organized seafloor spreading. The book focuses on imaging, mapping and modelling lithospheric extensional systems, at both the regional scale using dynamic models to the local scale of individual basins using kinematic models, with an emphasis on capturing the extensional history of the Iberia and Newfoundland margins. The results from a number of other extensional regimes are presented to provide comparisons with the North Atlantic studies; these range from the Tethyan realm and the northern Red Sea to the western and southern Australian margins, the Basin and Range Province, and the Woodlark basin of Papua New Guinea. All of these field studies, combined with lessons learnt from the modelling, are used to address fundamental questions about the extreme deformation of continental lithosphere.

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Anthony T. S. Ramsay, J. G. Baldauf , «A Reassessment of the Southern Ocean Biochronology (Geological Society Special Memoir, 18) »

Anthony T. S. Ramsay, J. G. Baldauf , «A Reassessment of the Southern Ocean Biochronology (Geological Society Special Memoir, 18) »Geological Society of London ISBN: 1862390274 1999 PDF 122 pages 10 Mb

The integrated approach applied in the study provides a reassessment of the stratigraphy previously established for the 18 holes that have been re-examined. The authors set out the current understanding of Southern Ocean biochronology and give a synthesis of biostratigraphical and polarity data from previous work. The volume will be a valuable reference for interpreting the palaeoceanography, climatic history and tectonic evolution of the Southern Ocean. It also provides a framework for dating oceanography and sedimentary events that are used as proxies for interpreting the glacial history of Antarctica. Paperback.

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Intra-Oceanic Subduction Systems: Tectonic and Magmatic Processes (Geological Society Special Publication)

R. D. Larter, "Intra-Oceanic Subduction Systems: Tectonic and Magmatic Processes (Geological Society Special Publication)"Geological Society of London; illustrated edition (January 1, 2003) English 1862391475 352 pages PDF 37.92 MB

Recycling of oceanic plate back into the Earth's interior at subduction zones is one of the key processes in Earth evolution. Volcanic arcs, which form above subduction zones, are the most visible manifestations of plate tectonics, the convection mechanism by which the Earth loses excess heat. They are probably also the main location where new continental crust is formed, the so-called 'subduction factory'. About 40% of modern subduction zones on Earth are intra-oceanic. These subduction systems are generally simpler than those at continental margins as they commonly have a shorter history of subduction and their magmas are not contaminated by ancient sialic crust. They are therefore the optimum locations for studies of mantle processes and magmatic addition to the crust in subduction zones. This volume contains a collection of papers that exploit the relative simplicity of intra-oceanic subduction systems to provide insights into the tectonic, magmatic and hydrothermal processes associated with subduction.

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C. S. Bristow, H. M. Jol, "Ground Penetrating Radar in Sediments (Geological Society Special Publication) (No. 211)"

C. S. Bristow, H. M. Jol, "Ground Penetrating Radar in Sediments (Geological Society Special Publication) (No. 211)"Geological Society of London (January 1, 2003) English 1862391319 330 pages PDF 34.83 MB

Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is transforming the way earth scientists and engineers describe and interpret near-surface sedimentary environments in the field. Because of recent advances in equipment, GPR now provides continuous, high-resolution data that other geophysical investigative tools cannot achieve. GPR has proven useful in a wide array of environmental, geological, and engineering applications. Included in this book are practical guidelines for data collection and interpretation, from antennae configurations to sequence stratigraphy, together with new advances such as vertical radar profiles and 3-D GPR imaging for hydrocarbon reservoir modeling, designed to assist new and veteran users to get the most from GPR. Case studies in this book detail GPR investigations in a wide array of sedimentary environments including alluvial fans, braided rivers, spits, beaches, sand dunes, lakes, bogs, and floodplains. Examples of GPR investigation applied to stratigraphic correlation problems in Holocene, Pleistocene, and ancient sediments; hydrocarbon reservoir modeling; and detection and mapping of contaminants, reservoir infilling, land mines, and fault displacements are included.

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Flow Processes in Faults And Shear Zones (Geological Society Special Publication)

Flow Processes in Faults And Shear Zones (Geological Society Special Publication)By G. I. AlsopPublisher: Geological Society of London 2004 379 Pages ISBN: 186239153X PDF 46.23 MB

Faults and their deeper level equivalents, shear zones, are localized regions of intense deformation within the Earth. They are recognized at all scales from micro to plate boundary, and are important examples of the nature of heterogeneous deformation in natural rocks. Faults and shear zones are significant as they profoundly influence the location, architecture and evolution of a broad range of geological phenomena. The topography and bathymetry of the Earth's surface is marked by mountain belts and sedimentary basins which are controlled by faults and shear zones. In addition faults and shear zones control fluid migration and transport including hydrothermal and hydrocarbon systems. Once faults and shear zones are established, they are often long-lived features prone to multiple reactivation over very large time-scales. This collection of papers addresses lithospheric deformation and the rheology of shear zones, together with processes of partitioning and the unravelling of fault and shear zone histories.

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Radioactive Waste Management Considering Timescales in the Post-closure Safety of Geological Disposal of Radioactive Waste

Radioactive Waste Management Considering Timescales in the Post-closure Safety of Geological Disposal of Radioactive WasteOrg. for Economic Cooperation & Development ISBN: 9264060588 2009-03-24 PDF 164 pages 3 Mb

A key challenge in the development of safety cases for the deep geological disposal of radioactive waste is handling the long time frame over which the radioactive waste remains hazardous. The intrinsic hazard of the waste decreases with time, but some hazard remains for extremely long periods. Safety cases for geological disposal typically address performance and protection for thousands to millions of years into the future. Over such periods, a wide range of events and processes operating over many different timescales may affect a repository and its environment. Uncertainties in the predictability of such factors increase with time, making it increasingly difficult to provide definite assurances of a repository's performance and the protection it may provide over longer timescales. Timescales, the level of protection and the assurance of safety are all linked. Approaches to handling timescales for the geological disposal of radioactive waste are influenced by ethical principles, the evolution of the hazard over time, uncertainties in the evolution of the disposal system (and how these uncertainties themselves evolve), and the stability and predictability of the geological environment. Conversely, the approach to handling timescales can affect aspects of repository planning and implementation including regulatory requirements, siting decisions, repository design, the development and presentation of safety cases and the planning of pre- and post-closure institutional controls such as monitoring requirements. This is an area still under discussion among NEA member countries. This report reviews the current status and ongoing discussions of this issue.

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Committee on Geological and Geotechnical Engineering in the New Millennium, “Geological and Geotechnical Engineering in the New Millennium”

Committee on Geological and Geotechnical Engineering in the New Millennium, “Geological and Geotechnical Engineering in the New Millennium” National Academies Press 2006 ISBN: 0309100097 222 pages PDF 33,5 MB

About the AuthorCommittee on Geological and Geotechnical Engineering in the New Millennium; Opportunities for Research and Technological Innovation, Committee on Geological and Geotechnical Engineering, National Research Council

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Sumatra: Geology, Resources and Tectonic Evolution (Geological Society Memoirs, No. 31)

Sumatra: Geology, Resources and Tectonic Evolution (Geological Society Memoirs, No. 31)Publisher: Geological Society of London ISBN: 1862391807 edition 2005 PDF 300 pages 47,8 mb

This volume provides the first comprehensive account of the geology of Sumatra since the masterly synthesis of van Bemmelen (1949). Following the establishment of the Geological Survey of Indonesia, after WW II, the whole island has been mapped geologically at the reconnaissance level, with the collaboration of the geological surveys of the United States and the United Kingdom. The mapping programme, completed in the mid-1990s, together with supplementary data obtained by academic institutions and petroleum and mineral exploration companies, has resulted in a vast increase in geological information, which is summarized in this volume. The synthesis of structural controls on sedimentation and magmatism during the tectonic evolution of Sumatra since the late Palaeozoic has provided a background for the formation of economic deposits of metallic minerals, coal, oil and gas. The volume provides a sound basis for future geological research and for the exploration of the energy and mineral resources of the island.

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D. G. Gee and R. A. Stephenson, «European Lithosphere Dynamics - Memoir no 32 (Geological Society Memoirs) (No. 32) »

D. G. Gee and R. A. Stephenson, «European Lithosphere Dynamics - Memoir no 32 (Geological Society Memoirs) (No. 32) »Geological Society Publishing House ISBN: 1862392129 2006 PDF 668 pages 58 Mb

Europe provides an outstanding field laboratory for studying lithospheric processes through time, for tracing the tectonic evolution of crust and mantle from the present far back into the early Precambrian. Two things are particularly striking: the importance of plate tectonics during the Phanerozoic and through the Proterozic into the Archeaen, and the significance of tectonic inheritance, older structures and rheologies guiding the younger evolution. 'European Lithosphere Dynamics' grew out of a major European Science Foundation programme, EUROPROBE, with participation of many hundreds of Earth scientists from all over Europe. The main research activities focused on specific target areas and involved integration of geological, geophysical and geochemical methods. Defining surface-depth relationships was a prerequisite for interpretation of the processes, present and past, responsible for the formation of the lithosphere. This Memoir addresses the major features of the European lithosphere and is aimed at giving the reader an overview of their development and growth during three billion years of Earth history.
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