domingo, 29 de agosto de 2010

R. D. Barker, J. H. Tellam - Fluid Flow and Solute Movement in Sandstones: the Onshore UK Permo-Triassic Red Bed Sequence

R. D. Barker, J. H. Tellam - Fluid Flow and Solute Movement in Sandstones: the Onshore UK Permo-Triassic Red Bed Sequence
Publisher: Geological Society of London | 2006-09-01 | ISBN: 1862392048 | PDF | 352 pages | 21.93 MB


Sandstone aquifers are common worldwide: they contain a significant proportion of the Earth's fresh water supplies. However, because of their textural complexity and the frequent occurrence of both matrix and fracture flow, prediction of flow and pollutant migration is still a considerable challenge. This volume contains a collection of papers summarizing current research on an example sandstone aquifer: the UK Permo-Triassic Sandstone sequence. These red bed, organic-poor sandstones are of fluvial and aeolian origin, are often strongly textured, and are cut by discontinuities of a wide range of permeabilities. Matrix flow often dominates, but fracture flow also occurs. The papers in the volume deal with research on saturated and unsaturated flow, and solute and non-aqueous-phase liquid movement. They cover investigations from laboratory to regional scale, and involve a wide range of approaches, from petrophysical through geophysical and hydrochemical to modelling. The book is intended to be of interest to researchers and practitioners involved in water resources and groundwater pollution, and to hydrogeology, water engineering, and environmental science students.

G. Yirgu, Cindy J. Ebinger, P. K. H. Maguire - The Afar Volcanic Province within the East African Rift System

G. Yirgu, Cindy J. Ebinger, P. K. H. Maguire - The Afar Volcanic Province within the East African Rift System
Publisher: Geological Society of London | 2006-06-01 | ISBN: 1862391963 | PDF | 336 pages | 50.72 MB


The seismically and volcanically active East African Rift System is an ideal laboratory for continental break-up processes: it encompasses all stages of rift development. Its northernmost sectors within the Afar volcanic province include failed rifts, nascent sea-floor spreading, and youthful passive continental margins associated with one or more mantle plumes. A number of models have been proposed to explain the success and failure of continental rift zones, but there remains no consensus on how strain localizes to achieve rupture of initially 125-250 km-thick plates, or on the interaction between the plates and asthenospheric processes. This collection of papers provides new structural, stratigraphic, geochemical and geophysical data and numerical models needed to resolve fundamental questions concerning continental break-up and mantle plume processes. The focus is on how mantle melt intrudes and is distributed through the plate, and how this magma intrusion process controls along-axis segmentation and facilitates break-up.

P. K. Harvey, T. S. Brewer, P. A. Pezard, V. A. Petrov - Petrophysical Properties of Crystalline Rocks

P. K. Harvey, T. S. Brewer, P. A. Pezard, V. A. Petrov - Petrophysical Properties of Crystalline Rocks
Publisher: Geological Society of London | 2005-01-01 | ISBN: 1862391734 | PDF | 351 pages | 25.57 MB


Boreholes are commonly drilled into crystalline rocks to evaluate their suitability for various applications such as waste disposal (including nuclear waste), geothermal energy, hydrology, sequestration of greenhouse gases and for fault analysis. Crystalline rocks include igneous, metamorphic and even some sedimentary rocks. The quantification and understanding of individual rock masses requires extensive modelling and an analysis of various physical and chemical parameters. This volume covers the following aspects of the petrophysical properties of crystalline rocks: fracturing and deformation, oceanic basement studies, permeability and hydrology and laboratory-based studies. With the growing demands for sustainable and environmentally effective development of the subsurface, the petrophysics of crystalline rocks is becoming an increasingly important field.

R. P. Shaw - Understanding the Micro to Macro Behaviour of Rock-Fluid Systems

R. P. Shaw - Understanding the Micro to Macro Behaviour of Rock-Fluid Systems
Publisher: Geological Society of London | 2005-09-16 | ISBN: 1862391866 | PDF | 176 pages | 13.27 MB


Understanding how fluids flow through rocks is very important in a number of fields. Almost all of the worldÂ’s oil and gas are produced from underground reservoirs. Knowledge of how they got where they are, what keeps them there and how they migrate through the rock is very important in the search for new resources, as well as for maximising the extraction of as much of the contained oil/gas as possible. Similar understanding is important for managing groundwater resources and for predicting how hazardous or radioactive wastes or carbon dioxide will behave if stored or disposed of underground. Unravelling the complex behaviour of fluids as they flow through rock is difficult, but important. We cannot see through rock, so we need to predict how and where fluids flow. Understanding the type of rock, its porosity, the character and pattern of fractures within it and how fluid flows through it are important. Some contributors to this volume have been trying to understand real rocks in real situations and others have been working on computer models and laboratory simulations. Put together, these approaches have yielded very useful results, many of which are discussed in this volume.

M. R. Allen, G. P. Goffey, R. K. Morgan, I. M. Walker - The Deliberate Search for the Stratigraphic Trap

M. R. Allen, G. P. Goffey, R. K. Morgan, I. M. Walker - The Deliberate Search for the Stratigraphic Trap
Publisher: Geological Society of London | 2006-03-31 | ISBN: 1862391920 | PDF | 312 pages | 39.29 MB


Twenty-three years have elapsed since the publication of Halbouty's AAPG Memoir of 1982 The Deliberate Search for the Subtle Trap. Since then, the technologies employed in hydrocarbon exploration have become extraordinarily sophisticated, yet current exploration for stratigraphic traps is to some extent restricted to areas where seismic data simplifies exploration by allowing direct inference of fluid fill and reservoir development. This Special Publication draws upon contributions that examine current industry perceptions of stratigraphic trap exploration and the technologies, tools and philosophies employed in such exploration, given the changing industry environment. This book contains a collection of papers examining a number of themes related to exploration for stratigraphic traps, ranging from play and risk assessment, through regional assessments of stratigraphic trapping potential, specific exploration programmes targeted at stratigraphic traps to specific working traps and plays where stratigraphic trapping is prevalent.


domingo, 22 de agosto de 2010

R. J. Davies; H. W. Posamentier; L. J. Wood, J.A. Cartwright - Seismic Geomorphology: applications to hydrocarbon exploration and production

R. J. Davies; H. W. Posamentier; L. J. Wood, J.A. Cartwright - Seismic Geomorphology: applications to hydrocarbon exploration and production
Publisher: Geological Society of London | 2007-04-01 | ISBN: 1862392234 | PDF | 288 pages | 53.46 MB


We are poised to embark on a new era of discovery in the study of geomorphology. The discipline has a long and illustrious history, but in recent years an entirely new way of studying landscapes and seascapes has been developed. It involves the use of 3D seismic data. Just as CAT scans allow medical staff to view our anatomy in 3D, seismic data now allows Earth scientists to do what the early geomorphologists could only dream of - view tens and hundreds of square kilometres of the Earth's subsurface in 3D and therefore see for the first time how landscapes have evolved through time. This volume demonstrates how Earth scientists are starting to use this relatively new tool to study the dynamic evolution of a range of sedimentary environments.



R. M. Teeuw - Mapping Hazardous Terrain using Remote Sensing

R. M. Teeuw - Mapping Hazardous Terrain using Remote Sensing
Publisher: Geological Society of London | 2007-08-15 | ISBN: 1862392293 | PDF | 357 pages | 12.00 MB


The dangers that we face from geohazards appear to be getting worse, especially with the impact of increasing population and global climate change. This collection of papers illustrates how remote sensing technologies - measuring, mapping and monitoring the Earths surface from aircraft or satellites - can help us to rapidly detect and better manage geohazards. The hazardous terrains examined include areas of landslides, flooding, erosion, contaminated land, shrink-swell clays, subsidence, seismic activity and volcanic landforms. Key aspects of remote sensing are introduced, making this a book that can easily be read by those who are unfamiliar with remote sensing. The featured remote sensing systems include aerial photography and photogrammetry, thermal scanning, hyperspectral sensors, airborne laser altimetry (LiDAR), radar interferometry and multispectral satellites (Landsat, ASTER). Related technologies and methodologies, such as the processing of Digital Elevation Models and data analysis using Geographical Information Systems, are also discussed.


H. Lewis, G. D. Couples - The Relationship between Damage and Localization

H. Lewis, G. D. Couples - The Relationship between Damage and Localization
Publisher: Geological Society of London | 2007-11-15 | ISBN: 1862392366 | PDF | 254 pages | 14.50 MB


The many kinds of porous geomaterials (rocks, soils, concrete, etc.) exhibit a range of responses when undergoing inelastic deformation. In doing so they commonly develop well-ordered fabric elements, forming fractures, shear bands and compaction bands, so creating the planar fabrics that are regarded as localization. Because these induced localization fabrics alter the bulk material properties (such as permeability, acoustic characteristics and strength), it is important to understand how and why localization occurs, and how it relates to its setting. The concept of damage (in several uses) describes both the precursor to localization and the context within which it occurs. A key theme is that geomaterials display a strong material evolution during deformation, revealing a close linkage between the damage and localization processes.
This volume assembles perspectives from a number of disciplines, including soil mechanics, rock mechanics, structural geology, seismic anisotropy and reservoir engineering. The papers range from theoretical to observational, and include contributions showing how the deformed geomaterials emergent bulk characteristics, like permeability and seismic anisotropy, can be predicted. This book will be of interest to a wide range of geoscientists and engineers who deal with characterization of deformed materials.



Iain S. Stewart, Claudio Vita-Finzi - Coastal Tectonics

Iain S. Stewart, Claudio Vita-Finzi - Coastal Tectonics
Publisher: Geological Society of London | 1999-02-01 | ISBN: 186239024X | PDF | 378 pages | 50.83 MB


Describes the application of high-resolution coastal records to developing and testing tectonic models. The case studies are at scales ranging from global to local and deal with glacioisostasy, relative sea-level change and seismic and aseismic crustal deformation at a variety of timescales. An international perspective presenting a host of field data from contrasting parts of the world as well as novel modelling and analytical approaches. It is the only book that considers the topic with such scope. Readership: Tectonic geologists, Quaternary scientists, professionals involved in seismic hazard or coastal development/protection.


M. Wilson - Permo-carboniferous Magmatism And Rifting in Europe

M. Wilson - Permo-carboniferous Magmatism And Rifting in Europe
Publisher: Geological Society of London | 2004-01-01 | ISBN: 1862391521 | PDF | 498 pages | 101.88 MB


Widespread extension occurred within the Variscan orogen and its northern foreland during Late Carboniferous to Early Permian times. This was associated with magmatism and with a fundamental change, at the Westphalian-Stephanian boundary, in the regional stress field, coincident with the termination of orogenic activity and onset of dextral translation between North Africa and Europe. Rifting propagated across basement terranes with different ages and thermal histories. Most of the rift basins developed on relatively thin lithosphere; however, the highly magmatic Oslo Graben initiated within the edge of a craton. Early Stephanian regional uplift is contemporaneous with the onset of magmatism, inviting speculation that it might have been induced by a thermal anomaly within the upper mantle. The contributions to this volume suggest that the geodynamic setting in which magmatism occurred was complex, involving wrench tectonics, slab detachment, and delamination or thermal erosion of the base of the lithosphere.



D. McIlroy - The Application of Ichnology to Palaeoenvironmental And Stratigraphic Analysis

D. McIlroy - The Application of Ichnology to Palaeoenvironmental And Stratigraphic Analysis
Publisher: Geological Society of London | 2004-01-01 | ISBN: 1862391548 | PDF | 490 pages | 53.73 MB


It has been increasingly realized by sedimentologists in the petroleum industry and academia that integration of ichnological information into sedimentological models, and vice versa, is one of the main means by which we can improve our understanding of ancient depositional environments. This volume aims to provide an analytical review of the ichnology of all major depositional environments and the use of ichnology in biostratigraphic and sequence stratigraphic analysis, as well as highly refined palaeoenvironmental studies. The remit of the book is achieved through a combination of review articles and novel research papers that outline methodologies and protocols for improving our understanding of ancient palaeoenvironments. Trace fossils from microscopic borings to dinosaur footprints are considered.
The comprehensive coverage of ancient depositional environments means that the book will be of use as a course text for undergraduates as well as an invaluable reference text for all interested in ichnology whether they are ichnologists, sedimentologists or petroleum geologists by trade.

terça-feira, 13 de julho de 2010

F.G.H. Blyth, M H de Freitas “Geology for Engineers, Seventh Edition"


F.G.H. Blyth, M H de Freitas “Geology for Engineers, Seventh Edition" Butterworth-Heinemann
1984-10-01 ISBN: 0713128828 336 pages PDF 22,6 Mb
No engineering structure can be built on the ground or within it without the influence of geology being experienced by the engineer. Yet geology must remain an ancillary subject to students of engineering and it is therefore essential that their training is supported by a concise, reliable and usable text on the subject of geology and its relationship to engineering. In this book all the fundamental aspects of geology are described and explained, but within the limits thought suitable for engineers.Thus the structure of the Earth and the operation of its internal processes are described, together with the geological processes that shape and fashion the Earth and produce its rocks and soils. The commonly occurring types of rock and soil, and many types of geological structure and geological maps, are described. Throughout the book care has been taken to focus on the relationship between geology and geomechanics. For this reason emphasis has been placed on the geological processes that bear directly upon the composition, structure and mechanics of soil and rocks, and on the movement of groundwater. The descriptions of geological processes and their products are therefore used as the basis for explaining why it is important to investigate the ground and how the investigations may be conducted at ground level and underground. Specific instruction is provided on the relationship between geology and many common activities undertaken when engineering in rock and soil.

S. G. Lucas, "The Triassic Timescale"


S. G. Lucas, "The Triassic Timescale"
Geological Society of London 2010-05-10 ISBN: 186239296X 315 pages PDF 15 MB
The Mesozoic Era begins with the approximately 50-million-year-longTriassic Period, a major juncture in Earth history when thevast Pangaean supercontinent completed its assembly and beganits fragmentation, and the global biota diversified and modernizedafter the end-Permian mass extinction, the most extensive bioticdecimation of the Phanerozoic. The temporal ordering of geologicaland biotic events during Triassic time thus is critical to theinterpretation of some unique and pivotal events in Earth history.This temporal ordering is mostly based on the Triassic timescale,which has been developed and refined for nearly two centuries.This book reviews the state of the art of the Triassic timescaleand includes comprehensive analyses of Triassic radio-isotopicages, magnetostratigraphy, isotope-based and cyclostratigraphiccorrelations and timescale -relevant marine and non-marine biostratigraphy.

History Channel - How The Earth Was Made S02E01 The Grand Canyon (2009)


History Channel - How The Earth Was Made S02E01 The Grand Canyon (2009)English 720p HDTV ORENJi MKV x264 1280x720 3165Kbps 29.97fps AC3 384Kbps 2CH 48KHz 00:44:01 1.09GB
The new series HOW THE EARTH WAS MADE travels the globe to reveal the geological processes that have shaped our planet. Each episode will look at a single location and examine how the features that we see today have formed over millions of years—whether by colliding continents, volcanic eruption or the abrasive power of vast ice sheets. These processes, which intimately affect the way we live today, have been lost in the mists of time. Using the clues that were left behind, combined with expert evidence from geologists in the field, this series rolls back the millennia to see how the slow but immensely powerful forces of geology have shaped our world.
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segunda-feira, 12 de julho de 2010

Mathematics: A Simple Tool for Geologists


Mathematics: A Simple Tool for Geologists Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell ISBN: 0632053453 edition 2000 CHM 201 pages 11,1 mbMathematics:
A Simple Tool for Geologists is for students who did not follow mathematics through to the end of their school careers, and for graduates and professionals whose mathematics have become rusty and who are looking for a refresher course. The second edition now contains many new problems and also has associated spreadsheets designed to improve student's understanding. These spreadsheets can also be used to solve many of the problems student's are likely to encounter during the remainder of their geological careers.

History Channel - How The Earth Was Made S02E11 Earth's Deadliest Eruption (2010)


History Channel - How The Earth Was Made S02E11 Earth's Deadliest Eruption (2010)English REPACK 720p HDTV ORENJI MKV x264 1280x720 3168Kbps 29.97fps AC3 384Kbps 2CH 48KHz 00:43:59 1.09GBGenre: Documentary
The new series HOW THE EARTH WAS MADE travels the globe to reveal the geological processes that have shaped our planet. Each episode will look at a single location and examine how the features that we see today have formed over millions of years—whether by colliding continents, volcanic eruption or the abrasive power of vast ice sheets. These processes, which intimately affect the way we live today, have been lost in the mists of time. Using the clues that were left behind, combined with expert evidence from geologists in the field, this series rolls back the millennia to see how the slow but immensely powerful forces of geology have shaped our world.
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sexta-feira, 25 de junho de 2010

Palaeosurfaces: Recognition, Reconstruction and Paleoenvironmental Interpretation


Palaeosurfaces: Recognition, Reconstruction and Paleoenvironmental Interpretation
Publisher: Geological Society of London ISBN: 1897799578 edition 1997 PDF 300 pages 32,7 mb
Palaeosurfaces is an area where geologists and geomorphologists can combine their expertise to provide a more holistic treatment of the processes that helped shape the face of the Earth. This volume presents a cross-disciplinary study of the evolution, reconstruction and palaeoenvironmental interpretation of ancient palaeosurfaces. Topics include palaeoenvironmental studies involving lateritization and bauxitization, palaeokarstification, geochemistry of rock alteration and the identification of ancient palaeosurface elements in both glaciated and tropical terrains.

Mechanisms of Activity & Unrest at Large Calderas - Special Publication no 269


Mechanisms of Activity & Unrest at Large Calderas - Special Publication no 269
Publisher: Geological Society of London ISBN: 1862392110 edition 2006 PDF 208 pages 58,3 mb
Large caldera collapses represent catastrophic natural events, second only to large meteoritic impacts. In addition, some calderas are densely populated, making the risk extreme, even for moderate eruptions. Understanding caldera mechanisms, unrest and the danger of eruption is therefore a crucial challenge for Earth sciences. Several key features of caldera behaviour have yet to be fully understood. Through a combination of case studies and theoretical modelling, the following topics are addressed in this volume: the conditions required to produce and to release large volumes of magma erupted during caldera formation; how magmatic feeding systems evolve before and after a caldera has formed; the processes that limit the behaviour of precursors to eruptions; how pre-eruptive precursors can be distinguished from those that drive unrest without an eruption; and given that post-collapse eruptions may occur across a wide area, the optimum procedures for designing hazard maps and mitigation strategies.

Metasomatism in Oceanic & Continental Lithospheric Mantle - Special Publication no 293


Metasomatism in Oceanic & Continental Lithospheric Mantle - Special Publication no 293
Publisher: Geological Society Of London ISBN: 1862392420 edition 2008 PDF 368 pages 8,9 mb
Twenty years have passed since Menzies & Hawkesworth extended the concept of metasomatism to mantle processes. The aim of this book is to gather together progress made on this topic since then. Most of the 14 papers reported in the volume rely on in situ major and trace element analyses of minerals and glasses in mantle xenoliths, and deal with different kinds of metasomatic agents at variable fluid/rock ratios in tectonic settings as different as intra-plate, mid-ocean ridge (ophiolites) and supra-subduction. The book contributes to the wide debate on the nature of the fluids migrating into the mantle wedge, as well as on the different residential times of the subduction signature. In addition papers on intra-plate settings deal with the problem of relating various metasomatic signatures to one single metasomatic event through an infiltration-reaction process.

Tectonics of Strike-Slip Restraining and Releasing Bends - Special Publication no 290


Tectonics of Strike-Slip Restraining and Releasing Bends - Special Publication no 290
Publisher: Geological Society of London ISBN: 1862392382 edition 2008 PDF 488 pages 20,4 mb
Restraining and releasing bends are common, but enigmatic features of strike-slip fault systems occurring in all crustal environments and at regional to microscopic scales of observation. Regional-scale restraining bends are sites of mountain building, transpressional deformation and basement exhumation, whereas releasing bends are sites of topographic subsidence, transtensional deformation, basin sedimentation and possible volcanism and economic mineralization. Because restraining and releasing bends often occur as singular self-contained domains of complex deformation, they are appealing natural laboratories for Earth scientists to study fault processes, earthquake seismology, active faulting and sedimentation, fault and fluid-flow relationships, links between tectonics and topography, tectonic and erosional controls on exhumation, and tectonic geomorphology.

quarta-feira, 16 de junho de 2010

Early Middle Pleistocene Transitions: The Land-Ocean Evidence (Special Publication, No. 247)


Early Middle Pleistocene Transitions: The Land-Ocean Evidence (Special Publication, No. 247)
Publisher: Geological Society of London ISBN: 1862391815 edition 2005 PDF 336 pages 58 mb
The Early-Middle Pleistocene transition (around 1.2 to 0.5 Ma) marks a profound shift in Earth's climate state. Low-amplitude 41 ka climate cycles, dominating the earlier part of thePleistocene , gave way progressively to a 100 ka rhythm of increased amplitude that characterizes our present glacial-interglacial world. This volume assesses the biotic and physical response to this transition both on land and in the oceans: indeed it examines the very nature of Quaternary climate change. Milankovitch theory, palaeoceanography using isotopes and microfossils, marine organic geochemistry, tephrochronology, the record of loess and soil deposition, terrestrial vegetational change, and the migration and evolution of hominins as well as other large and small mammals, are all considered. These themes combine to explore the very origins of our present biota.

Cretaceous-Tertiary High-Latitude Palaeoenvironments: James Ross Basin, Antarctica - Special Publication no. 258


Cretaceous-Tertiary High-Latitude Palaeoenvironments: James Ross Basin, Antarctica - Special Publication no. 258
Publisher: Geological Society of London ISBN: 1862391971 edition 2006 PDF 216 pages 76,9 mb
High-latitude settings are sensitive to climatically driven palaeoenvironmental change and the resultant biotic response. Climate change through the peak interval of Cretaceous warmth, Late Cretaceous cooling, onset and expansion of the Antarctic ice sheet, and subsequently the variability of Neogene glaciation, are all recorded within the sedimentary and volcanic successions exposed within the James Ross Basin, Antarctica. This site provides the longest onshore record of Cretaceous-Tertiary sedimentary and volcanic rocks in Antarctica and is a key reference section for Cretaceous-Tertiary global change. The sedimentary succession is richly fossiliferous, yielding diverse invertebrate, vertebrate and plant fossil assemblages, allowing the reconstruction of both terrestrial and marine systems. The papers within this volume provide an overview of recent advances in the understanding of palaeoenvironmental change spanning the mid-Cretaceous to the Neogene of the James Ross Basin and related biotic change, and will be of interest to many working on Cretaceous and Tertiary palaeoenvironmental change.

The Gregory Rift Valley and Neogene-Recent Volcanoes of Northern Tanzania - Memoir no 33

The Gregory Rift Valley and Neogene-Recent Volcanoes of Northern Tanzania - Memoir no 33
Publisher: Geological Society of London ISBN: 1862392676 edition 2009 PDF 112 pages 3,8 mb


The structure and volcanic activity of the northern Tanzania sector of the Gregory Rift Valley have hitherto been less well described than those in Ethiopia and Kenya. This book focuses on northern Tanzania where, although the volcanic area is smaller than those to the north, there are major features such as Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain on the African continent; Ngorongoro, one of the largest calderas on Earth; and Oldoinyo Lengai, the world's only active carbonatite volcano. Following an account of the discovery and early exploration of the rift valley, there are descriptions of the individual volcanoes. These are set within the context of the regional geology and geophysics of the rift valley, and in relation to the structural evolution of the rift and its associated sedimentary basins which include Olduvai, an important site in the history of human evolution The volume concludes with a discussion of the volcanism as related to the plume-related African Superswell.

K. Werner Barthel, N.H.M. Swimburne, S.C. Morris


K. Werner Barthel, N.H.M. Swimburne, S.C. MorrisSolnhofen: A Study in Mesozoic PalaeontologyCambridge
University Press 1994 ISBN: 0521458307 246 pages PDF 73 Mb
The celebrated Solnhofen limestone is among the most important fossil deposits because of its astonishing diversity of organisms, many exquisitely preserved. This book illustrates many of the marine and terrestrial creatures and plants, buried 150 million years ago in soft lagoonal muds, to provide a unique glimpse into the true diversity of Jurassic life. Highlights include Archaeopteryx. This is an authoritative account of the geological history, palaeoecology, palaeoenvironment and fossil taxonomy of this classic location. It will be of great interest to palaeontologists and evolutionary biologists, as well as to amateur collectors, natural historians and anyone with an interest in the history of life. This book is a revised and updated translation of Werner Barthel's classic work.

P. Van Rensbergen, R. R. Hillis, A. J. Maltman, C. K. Morley, "Subsurface Sediment Mobilization"

P. Van Rensbergen, R. R. Hillis, A. J. Maltman, C. K. Morley, "Subsurface Sediment Mobilization"
Geological Society of London; illustrated edition (November 1, 2003) English 1862391416 528 pages PDF 58.87 MB


Sedimentary facies in the subsurface are usually interpreted from a depositional/stratigraphical perspective: the depositional layering is generally considered to remain undisturbed, except in a few settings. But, there is growing evidence that subsurface sediment mobilization (SSM) is more widespread than previously thought, as new observations arise from the ever-increasing resolution of subsurface data. Many examples are from hydrocarbon provinces but studies elsewhere, for example in preparation for the underground storage of hazardous waste, have yielded unexpected examples. Although until now the different aspects of SSM, including soft sediment deformations, sand injections, shale diapirs, mud volcanoes, etc, have been separated, the new discoveries emphasize their inter-connection, regardless of scale, depth, location, grain size or trigger mechanism. This volume integrates the different aspects of sediment mobilization in the subsurface and their structural consequences, allowing a more general and a more coherent view of the subject.

quarta-feira, 9 de junho de 2010

D. Bruhn, L. Burlini (Editors), "High-Strain Zones: Structure and Physical Properties (No. 245)"

D. Bruhn, L. Burlini (Editors), "High-Strain Zones: Structure and Physical Properties (No. 245)"
Geological Society of London; 1st edition (August 23, 2005) English 1862391785 472 pages PDF 41.70 MB


This collection of research and review papers addresses the question of structural evolution during deformation to high strains and the physical properties of rocks that have been affected by high-strain zones. The discussions range from natural examples at outcrop to microscopic studies. They include experiments and numerical models based on the active processes in high-strain zones as well as studies on the physical properties of highly strained rocks in the field and laboratory. Specific questions addressed include magnetotelluric imaging of faults, magnetic fabrics, fabric development, seismic properties of highly strained rocks, change of rheology with strain, influence of melt on the localization of deformation, the relationship between deformation and metamorphism as well as new methods in the analysis of deformation. The book is aimed at an interdisciplinary group of readers interested in the effects of high strain in rocks.

Dictionary of Mining, Mineral, and Related Terms (2nd Edition)

Dictionary of Mining, Mineral, and Related Terms (2nd Edition)
American Geological Institute, US Bureau of MinesAm. Geol. Inst./US Bureau of Mines 1997 ISBN: 0922152365 3660 pages PDF 13 Mb

This edition, containing some 28,500 terms, is not meant to be exhaustive in its coverage. It focuses on mining-related terms and excludes such related categories as ceramics, glass, metallurgy, petroleum, and other specialized disciplines.It is the culmination not only standard mining-related terms but also terms in peripheral areas, such as the environment, marine mining, leaching, pollution, automation, health and safety. Many of these terms now have a legal definition based on law or regulation.

terça-feira, 1 de junho de 2010

Jon Erickson "Plate Tectonics: Unraveling the Mysteries of the Earth"


Jon Erickson "Plate Tectonics: Unraveling the Mysteries of the Earth" Published by Facts on File
Publication date : May 2001 ISBN : 0816043272 PDF 320 pages English 17 MB
For anyone who is interested in developments in the study of the Earth's structure, Plate Tectonics offers a full understanding of the theory that provides a single guiding principle to the earth's geological history. Beginning with a historical overview of plate tectonic theory in this century, the book describes in clear, non-technical language how plate tectonics work, how it affected evolution and extinction, and what the future holds.
Coverage includes:
- Seafloor Spreading
- Mountain Building
- The Rock Cycle
- Tectonics and the Environment
- Tectonics in Space
- Continental Draft
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Developments in Marine Geology, Volume 5: Quaternary Coral Reef Systems (History, development processes and controlling factors)


Developments in Marine Geology, Volume 5: Quaternary Coral Reef Systems (History, development processes and controlling factors)
Publisher: Elsevier Science ISBN: 0444532471 edition 2009 PDF 500 pages 11,9 mb
This book presents both state-of-the art knowledge from Recent coral reefs (1.8 million to a few centuries old) gained since the eighties, and introduces geologists, oceanographers and environmentalists to sedimentological and paleoecological studies of an ecosystem encompassing some of the world's richest biodiversity. Scleractinian reefs first appeared about 300 million years ago. Today coral reef systems provide some of the most sensitive gauges of environmental change, expressing the complex interplay of chemical, physical, geological and biological factors. The topics covered will include the evolutionary history of reef systems and some of the main reef builders since the Cenozoic, the effects of biological and environmental forces on the zonation of reef systems and the distribution of reef organisms and on reef community dynamics through time, changes in the geometry, anatomy and stratigraphy of reef bodies and systems in relation to changes in sea level and tectonics, the distribution patterns of sedimentary (framework or detrital) facies in relation to those of biological communities, the modes and rates of reef accretion (progradation, aggradation versus backstepping; coral growth versus reef growth), the hydrodynamic forces controlling water circulation through reef structures and their relationship to early diagenetic processes, the major diagenetic processes affecting reef bodies through time (replacement and diddolution, dolomitization, phosphatogenesis), and the record of climate change by both individual coral colonies and reef systems over the Quaternary.

A. M. Harvey, "Alluvial Fans: Geomorphology, Sedimentology, Dynamics"

M. Harvey, "Alluvial Fans: Geomorphology, Sedimentology, Dynamics"
Geological Society of London 2005-11-01 ISBN: 1862391890 256 pages PDF 8,5 MB


Alluvial fans are important sedimentary environments. They trap sediment delivered from mountain source areas, and exert an important control on the delivery of sediment to downstream environments, to axial drainages and to sedimentary basins. They preserve a sensitive record of environmental change within the mountain source areas. Alluvial fan geomorphology and sedimentology reflect not only drainage basin size and geology, but change in response to tectonic, climatic and base-level controls. One of the challenges facing alluvial fan research is to resolve how these gross controls are reflected in alluvial fan dynamics and to apply the results of studies of modern fan processes and Quaternary fans to the understanding of sedimentary sequences in the rock record. This volume includes papers based on up-to-date research, and focuses on three themes: alluvial fan processes, dynamics of Quaternary alluvial fans and fan sedimentary sequences. Linking the papers is an emphasis on the controls of fan geomorphology, sedimentology and dynamics. This provides a basis for integration between geomorphological and sedimentological approaches, and an understanding how fluvial systems respond to tectonic, climatic and base-level changes.

Geologic Analysis of Naturally Fractured Reservoirs


Geologic Analysis of Naturally Fractured ReservoirsGulf Professional
Publishing April 15, 2001 ISBN-10: 0884153177 320 pages PDF 18.67 mb
Geologists, engineers, and petrophysicists concerned with hydrocarbon production from naturally fractured reservoirs will find this book a valuable tool for obtaining pertinent rock data to evaluate reserves and optimize well location and performance. Nelson emphasizes geological, petrophysical, and rock mechanics to complement other studies of the subject that use well logging and classical engineering approaches.

The Neoproterozoic Timanide Orogen Of Eastern Baltica

The Neoproterozoic Timanide Orogen Of Eastern Baltica
Publisher: Geological Society of London ISBN: 1862391726 edition 2006 PDF 255 pages 34,09 mb
The Neoproterozoic Timanide Orogen of eastern Baltica extends from the high Arctic to the southern Ural Mountains and represents significant crustal growth of the northeastern European continental margin in the late Neoproterozoic. This volume, a co-operation between Western European and Russian scientists within the framework of the European Science Foundation's EUROPROBE programme, provides a comprehensive overview of the orogen and represents a new synthesis of Timanian Orogeny. It includes: the pre-Timanian passive margin deposits of the northern and northeastern flank of the East European Craton; the magmatic, metamorphic and structural evolution of the orogen across the Timan Mountain and Pechora Basin regions to the Ural Mountains; the post-Timanian platform successions, important for interpreting the timing of orogeny and the return to an early Palaeozoic passive margin setting; and the extension of the orogen northwards to Novaya Zemlya. Relationships westwards to the Caledonides of Greenland and Scandinavia and eastwards to the Baikalides of Siberia are also treated.

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The Search for the Age of the Earth

The Chronologers' Quest: The Search for the Age of the Earth By Patrick Wyse Jackson
Publisher: Cambridge University Press 2006 310 Pages ISBN: 0521813328 PDF 3 MB
The history of geology and how we learned about the age of the Earth is a fascinating subject, but Jackson, a geologist at Trinity College, Dublin, is unable to explain and pass along his enthusiasm. Aficionados might appreciate the tour through attempts to arrive at the planet's age from ancient myths, the Bible, the salinity of the oceans, temperature readings, fossils, geology, biology, radiology and cosmology. Each chapter ends with a "close but no cigar" statement of why a given theory was a good idea at the time. Numerous sections feel rushed—in particular the opening catalogue of creation myths—though when readers finally arrive at the sections on geology and fossils, Jackson injects more detail and, consequently, more interest. But while the preface states that this book is meant for a general as well as scientific audience, too many terms go undefined and too many names are dropped without immediate explanations of who the people were.

quinta-feira, 27 de maio de 2010

Connie May Fowler; C. J. Ebinger; C. J. Hawkesworth, "The Early Earth: Physical, Chemical and Biological Development"


Connie May Fowler; C. J. Ebinger; C. J. Hawkesworth, "The Early Earth: Physical, Chemical and Biological Development" Geological Society of London 2003 ISBN: 1862391092 352 pages PDF 37,8 MB
Product Description
This volume contains a series of papers on a wide range of aspects of the early development of the Earth in the first 2000 Ma of Earth’s history, including geophysics, structure and tectonics, atmosphere, origin of life, biosphere, deep mantle geochemistry, early oceans, microbial ecology, the aim being to facilitate discussion and understanding of this area of research. The book is divided into three parts: (1) Geophysical and Petrological Constraints on Archaean Lithosphere: These papers highlight differences in structure and composition of Archaean and post-Archaean lithosphere, with contributions from seismologists, petrologists, and geochemists. Seismic evidence for the formation and evolution of cratons is presented. Shear wave splitting results, petrologic data and crustal deformation fabrics are used to characterize variations of anisotropy in order to investigate the coupling and decoupling of the crust and upper mantle beneath cratons, isotopic data from large cratons suggesting that the lithospheric mantle is the same age as the overlying crust, provide further constraints on the modification of cratonic roots with time. (2) Models of Cratonic Evolution and Modification: These papers focus on global and regional models of cratonic accretion based on evidence from the rock record. Numerical models of cratonic rock both in normal mantle flow and in the presence of plums suggest that cratons decrease in size by lateral erosion rather than by thinning. (3) Constraints on the Archaean Environment: These papers are concerned with the physical, chemical and biological controls on Earth’s surface environment in the late Hadean and the Archaean. Archaean strata record the early biogenic controls on the carbon cycle, and shift to an oxygen-rich atmosphere. The timing of hydrogen loss, carbon-dioxide build-up, the appearance of life, and the origins of photosynthesis are all controversial topics discussed here. Subjects covered include the chemical and biological controls on the atmospheric and oceans, early controls on the carbon cycle and photosynthesis, petrologic, isotopic, tectonic and seismic evidence for the composition and structure of Archaean lithosphere.

Proterozoic East Gondwana: Supercontinent Assembly and Breakup


Proterozoic East Gondwana: Supercontinent Assembly and BreakupGeological Society of London 2003-09 ISBN: 1862391254 440 pages PDF 55 MB
This volume as a whole focuses on Late Mesoproterozoic to early Cambrian events related to Gondwanaland assembly. The 19 papers provide a comprehensive review including advanced knowledge and new data from all critical areas of east Gondwanaland. The recent knowledge of the evolution of East Gondwana which was regarded as an integral part of Mesoproterozoic super-continent Rodinia is the major theme of the volume, which is reinforced by highlighting this radical and new understanding of the evolution of East Gondwana. This volume is of use as both a text and reference book for Earth Science postgraduates, and of appeal worldwide to professional geologists with an interest in Rodinia and Gondwana.

Deformation Mechanisms, Rheology and Tectonics: Current Status and Future Perspectives


Deformation Mechanisms, Rheology and Tectonics: Current Status and Future Perspectives Publisher: Geological Society of London Pages: 424 2003 ISBN 1862391173 PDF 35 MB



The motion and deformation of rocks are processes of fundamental importance in shaping the Earth, from outer crustal layers to the deep mantle. Reconstructions of the evolution of the Earth therefore require detailed knowledge of the geometry of deformation structures and their relative timing, of the motions leading to deformation structures and of the mechanisms governing these motions. This volume contains a collection of 22 papers on field, experimental and theoretical studies that add to our knowledge of these processes. They are a mixture of review papers on selected topics in the field of structural geology and tectonics and papers on current issues and new techniques and are grouped into four themes: The effect of fluids on deformation; The interpretation of Microstructures and textures; Deformation mechanisms and rheology of crust and upper mantle minerals; Crust and lithosphere tectonics.

Coastal Processes with Engineering Applications


Coastal Processes with Engineering ApplicationsPublisher: Cambridge University 488 pages March 25, 2004 ISBN 0521602750 PDF 8 MB
The world's coastlines, dividing land from sea, are geological environments that are unique in their composition and the physical processes affecting them. At the dynamically active intersection of land and the oceans, humans have been building structures throughout history. Initially used for naval and commercial purposes, more recently recreation and tourism have increased activity in the coastal zone dramatically. Shoreline development is now causing a significant conflict with natural coastal processes. This text on coastal engineering will help the reader understand these coastal processes and develop strategies to cope effectively with shoreline erosion. The book is organized in four parts: (1) an overview of coastal engineering, using case studies to illustrate problems; (2) hydrodynamics of the coastal zone, reviewing storm surges, water waves, and low frequency motions within the nearshore and surf zone; (3) coastal responses including equilibrium beach profiles and sediment transport; (4) applications such as erosion mitigation, beach nourishment, coastal armoring, tidal inlets, and shoreline management.

Elsevier's Dictionary of Chemoetymology: The Whies and Whences of Chemical Nomenclature and Terminology


Elsevier's Dictionary of Chemoetymology: The Whies and Whences of Chemical Nomenclature and TerminologyElsevier Science ISBN:0444522395 Edition - 2006-12-19 PDF 448 pages2.23 MB Rapidshare & Aliceinwire
Noting a marked lack of comprehensiveness and/or contemporaneity among typical reference works on chemical etymology, as well as a somewhat spotty coverage of chemical terms and their etymology in comprehensive dictionaries and textbooks the author decided to write an up-to-date desk reference on chemical etymology which would satisfy the needs of casual readers as well as those of more demanding users of etymological lore. Characteristic user-friendly features of the present work include avoidance of cumbersome abbreviations, avoidance of entries in foreign alphabets, and a broad coverage of all chemical disciplines including mineralogy. Biological, medical, geological, physical and mathematical terms are only considered where they appear of interest to mainstream chemists.This book does not provide definitions of terms (unless required in the etymological context) nor guidance as to the timeliness of different nomenclature systems. The typical user will from the outset be well aware of the exact meaning of the terms he or she focuses on and only require the etymological background to be used. Examples of sources which have been drawn upon in the preparation of this book, apart from the extremely useful Internet resource Google, are listed, but an exhausting enumeration would be tiresome and impractical.

Cees W. Passchier, Rudolph A.J. Trouw, «Microtectonics» (2nd edition)

Cees W. Passchier, Rudolph A.J. Trouw, «Microtectonics» (2nd edition) Springer ISBN 3540640037 2005 Year PDF 30,98 Mb 366 Pages



Microtectonics deals with the interpretation of microstructures, small-scale deformation structures in rocks that yield abundant information on the history and type of deformation and metamorphism. The results are used by geologists to obtain data for large-scale geological interpretations. This advanced textbook treats common microstructures such as foliations, porphyroblasts, veins, fringes and shear sense indicators. The book mainly focusses on optical microscopy as a tool to study microstructures, but also describes other techniques such as EBSD and tomography. Many photographs and explanatory drawings clarify the text. The new edition, substantially revised throughout and extended, features two new chapters (primary structures and experimental microstructures), 68 new figures, more than 800 new references.