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Harold Stowell - Geology of Southeast Alaska: Rock and Ice in Motion

Harold Stowell - Geology of Southeast Alaska: Rock and Ice in Motion
Publisher: University of Alaska Press | 2006-03-01 | ISBN: 188996381X | PDF | 152 pages | 5.79 MB

The most powerful forces on earth have shaped the landscape of Southeast Alaska. Scientists and visitors from around the world trek north to experience wild rivers, powerful glaciers, and breathtaking mountain peaks. Now, for the first time, a handy guide to the region is available. Complete with color illustrations revealing millions of years of geological history and in-depth descriptions of Sitka, Juneau, and Glacier Bay, Geology of Southeast Alaska is essential reading for anyone fascinated by rock and ice in motion.

Written by a geologist with over twenty-five years of experience in the north, Geology of Southeast Alaska will entertain and inform with abundant photographs and detailed drawings. Whether you want to understand the forces that shaped the state of Alaska, or you want to learn the basics of glacial movement, this compact, authoritative book is for you.

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"Paleoseismology" ed. by James P. McCalpin

Completely updated version of a book solely devoted to paleoseismology. It summarizes the development of the field from the 1960s to the present. Chapters cover the entire range of techniques currently used in paleoseismic reconstruction.

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Contents

Introduction to Paleoseismology

Field Techniques in Paleoseismology — Terrestrial Environments

Sub-Aqueous Paleoseismology

Paleoseismology in Extensional Tectonic Environments

Paleoseismology of Volcanic Environments

Paleoseismology of Compressional Tectonic Environments

Paleoseismology of Strike-Slip Tectonic Environments

Using Liquefaction-Induced and Other Soft-Sediment Features for Paleoseismic Analysis

Using Landslides for Paleoseismic Analysis

Application of Paleoseismic Data to Seismic Hazard Assessment and Neotectonic Research

Andrew D. Miall The Geology of Stratigraphic Sequences, Second Edition

Andrew D. Miall The Geology of Stratigraphic Sequences, Second Edition
Springer | 2010 | ISBN : 3642050263 | 864 pages | PDF | 27,7 MB

It has been more than a decade since the appearance of the First Edition of this book. Much progress has been made, but some controversies remain. The original ideas of Sloss and of Vail (building on the early work of Blackwelder, Grabau, Ulrich, Levorsen and others) that the stratigraphic record could be subdivided into sequences, and that these sequences store essential information about basin-forming and subsidence processes, remains as powerful an idea as when it was first formulated. The definition and mapping of sequences has become a standard part of the basin analysis process. The main purpose of this book remains the same as it was for the first edition, that is, to situate sequences within the broader context of geological processes, and to answer the question: why do sequences form? Geoscientists might thereby be better equipped to extract the maximum information from the record of sequences in a given basin or region. Tectonic, climatic and other mechanisms are the generating mechanisms for sequences ranging over a wide range of times scales, from hundreds of millions of years to the high-frequency sequences formed by cyclic processes lasting a few tens of thousands of years

John P. Rafferty, "The Paleozoic Era: Diversification of Plant and Animal Life"

John P. Rafferty, "The Paleozoic Era: Diversification of Plant and Animal Life"
Rosen Education Service | 2010 | ISBN: 1615301119, 1615301968 | 339 pages | PDF | 6,3 MB

Introduction:

The Paleozoic Era is probably less familiar and perhaps

less dramatic than the age of the dinosaurs that would

dominate the Mesozoic Era that followed. However, the

Paleozoic Era contained one of the most intense increases

in biodiversity in Earth’s history, the Cambrian explosion

and the subsequent Ordovician radiation. It also contained

the largest extinction event the world has ever

known, the Permian extinction, which wiped out more

than 90 percent of marine species and roughly 70 percent

of species on land. It was also a time of great geological

changes as landmasses migrated and collided, eventually

creating the supercontinent called Pangea. Sea levels rose,

drowning whole continents, fell, and rose again. Some of

Earth’s oldest mountain ranges, such as the Appalachians

and the Urals, were formed during the Paleozoic. Life

moved from the oceans to dry land and insects took wing

for the first time. Many evolutionary advances took place,

which set the stage for life as we know it today. Some of

these advances include the development of plants with

seeds, shelled eggs, and organisms capable of breathing

air. So in geologic history the Paleozoic Era was pretty

dramatic after all. In the pages that follow, all of these

developments, as well as the clues that scientists have used

to decipher the history of Earth’s changes, will be explored.

Spanning nearly 300 million years of history, from 542

to 251 million years ago, the Paleozoic Era covers more

than half of the Phanerozoic Eon, also known as the Age

of Life—the geologic time in which humans still live.

Scientists divide the Paleozoic into a number of smaller

periods, beginning with the Cambrian, approximately 542

million to 488 million years ago, followed by the

Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian, Carboniferous, and

Permian periods. Most of these names are derived from

the locations in which rocks and fossils from that time

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Soils in Archaeological Research By Vance T. Holliday

Soils in Archaeological Research By Vance T. Holliday
Publisher: OUP 2004 | 464 Pages | ISBN: 0195149653 | PDF | 6 MB

Soils, invaluable indicators of the nature and history of the physical and human landscape, have strongly influenced the cultural record left to archaeologists. Not only are they primary reservoirs for artifacts, they often encase entire sites. And soil-forming processes in themselves are an important component of site formation, influencing which artifacts, features, and environmental indicators (floral, faunal, and geological) will be destroyed and to what extent and which will be preserved and how well. In this book, Holliday will address each of these issues in terms of fundamentals as well as in field case histories from all over the world. The focus will be on principles of soil geomorphology , soil stratigraphy, and soil chemistry and their applications in archaeological research.

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W. Schwarzacher, "Cyclostratigraphy and the Milankovitch Theory (Developments in Sedimentology)"

W. Schwarzacher, "Cyclostratigraphy and the Milankovitch Theory (Developments in Sedimentology)"
Publisher: Elsevier Science | 1993 | ISBN 0444896236 | PDF | 238 pages | 11.5 MB

Hardbound. Cyclostratigraphy is concerned primarily with measuring geological time and the time units used in this approach are sedimentary cycles. Milankovitch cycles mark time intervals of tens of thousands to several millions of years. Such cycles are the result of variations in the Earth's position in relation to the Sun and these in turn determine the climatic variations. The Milankovitch theory was resurrected in the 1960's when evidence from Pleistocene deep sea sediments linked orbital variations and climate.

This monograph discusses sedimentary cycles and their use in measuring geologic time. There is considerable effort made to clarify the term "sedimentary cycle", in particular, the two opposing concepts of cyclic stratification and event stratification. The recognition of sedimentary cycles and of Milankovitch cycles specifically, is considered and care is taken with the question of relating sediment thickness to time.

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quinta-feira, 7 de outubro de 2010

Gunnar Larsen, "Diagenesis in Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks"

Gunnar Larsen, "Diagenesis in Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks"
Publisher: Elsevier Science Ltd | 1979-06 | ISBN 0444416579 | PDF | 588 pages | 35.3 MB

The book Diagenesis in Sediments was published in 1967, almost a hundred years after introduction of the term “diagenesis” in eological literature, i.e., in 1868, in Von Guembel’s major work Geognostische Beschreibung des ostbayerischen Grenzge birges. Many decades passed, however, before research into diagenetic processes and products really got underway. It could be stated that up to the 1950’s, the topic of diagenesis formed only a very minor part of geological research literature (see for example, Trask, 1951,

and Sujkowski, 1958). Rapid development took place during the next fifteen years, as illustrated by the scope and contents of the above-mentioned work Diagenesis in Sediments. The demand for that book was such that the need arose for a new and revised edition. Because of the scope of the subject and the proliferation of literature on the subject, it has been necessary to publish the new edition in two volumes. This reflects the growth which has occurred in the research into diagenetic phenomena since the publication of the first edition.

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Kurt Stüwe “Geodynamics of the Lithosphere: An Introduction"

This book is an introductory text for all earth scientists interested in learning about the quantitative description of geological problems. It contains chapters on heat flow, sedimentary basin modelling, mechanics of continental deformation, PT path modelling, geomorphology and mass transfer and more. In its style, the book is aimed at the field oriented geologist that wants to begin with learning about the quantitative description of problems. Graduate students and scientists will find the book a good starting point for a quantitative treatment of their data. The new edition, revised and extended, features even more illustrations and maps, about 100 corrections of scientific problems, improvement of geomorphology section and shortening of several sections which obviously are too complicated. Update and modernisation of several sections, for example the section on pressure and updated references.

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Laurence Robb, "Introduction to Ore-Forming Processes"

Laurence Robb, "Introduction to Ore-Forming Processes"
Publisher: Science Ltd. | 2005 | ISBN 0632063785 | PDF | 373 pages | 4.7 MB

Introduction to Ore-Forming Processes is the first senior undergraduate – postgraduate textbook to focus specifically on the multiplicity of geological processes that result in the formation of mineral deposits.

* Opens with an overview of magmatic ore-forming processes

* Moves systematically through hydrothermal and sedimentary metallogenic environments, covering as it does the entire gamut of mineral deposit types, including the fossil fuels and supergene ores

* The final chapter relates metallogeny to global tectonics by examining the distribution of mineral deposits in space and time

* Boxed examples of world famous ore deposits are featured throughout pring context and relevance to the process-oriented descriptions of ore genesis

* Brings the discipline of economic geology back into the realm of conventional mainstream earth science by emphasizing the fact that mineral deposits are simply one of the many natural wonders of geological process and evolution.

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Uwe W. Reimold, Roger L. Gibson, "Meteorite Impact: The Danger from Space and South Africa's Mega-Impact The Vrederfort Dome"

Uwe W. Reimold, Roger L. Gibson, "Meteorite Impact: The Danger from Space and South Africa's Mega-Impact The Vrederfort Dome"
Springer | 2010 | ISBN: 3642104630 | 326 pages | PDF | 188 MB

The impact of large extraterrestrial bolides (asteroids and comets) with Earth is an ever-present danger that humanity has only recently begun to recognise. Of the 175 impact craters found thus far on Earth, three giants stand out – Chicxulub in Mexico, Sudbury in Canada, and the Vredefort Impact Structure in South Africa. Each of these impact events catastrophically altered the global environment and was strong enough to drastically change life on our planet. The Vredefort Structure is the oldest and largest of these three giants and at about 300 km diameter it is nearly twice the size of the Chicxulub crater that was formed by an impact that wiped out approximately 75% of all known life on Earth 65 million years ago. In the more than 2000 million years since its formation, water, wind and ice have slowly eroded away the original Vredefort crater, exposing its roots in a series of spectacular rocks. The outcroppings in the region around the towns of Vredefort and Parys, known as the Vredefort Dome, show the scars of the cataclysmic forces that accompanied the impact event. The rocks, ripped from the depths of the crust by the impact, also tell a far older story that stretches back to more than 3500 million years ago, when the first continents formed on the primitive Earth, and to the time when fabulous gold deposits accumulated on the margins of the ancient Witwatersrand sea. The Vredefort Structure is truly one of the geological wonders of the world. While the rocks of the Vredefort Dome, and the story they have to tell, lie at the heart of this book, it is by no means the full story. The Dome is an area of spectacular scenic beauty and biodiversity, dominated by 40 kilometre-wide crescent of hills incised by the Vaal River and its tributaries. This area has also been home to humans for many thousands of years. Together, the rich geological, biological and archaeological heritage has led to the recognition of the most scenic part of the Vredefort Dome as a World Heritage Site.

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quinta-feira, 9 de setembro de 2010

Garry D. Karner, Brian Taylor, Neal W. Driscoll, David L. Kohlstedt - Rheology and Deformation of the Lithosphere at Continental Margins

Garry D. Karner, Brian Taylor, Neal W. Driscoll, David L. Kohlstedt - Rheology and Deformation of the Lithosphere at Continental Margins
Publisher: Columbia University Press | 2004-03-03 | ISBN: 0231127383 | PDF | 408 pages | 15.50 MB

Traditionally, investigations of the rheology and deformation of the lithosphere (the rigid or mechanically strong outer layer of the Earth, which contains the crust and the uppermost part of the mantle) have taken place at one scale in the laboratory and at an entirely different scale in the field. Laboratory experiments are generally restricted to centimeter-sized samples and day- or year-length times, while geological processes occur over tens to hundreds of kilometers and millions of years. The application of laboratory results to geological systems necessitates extensive extrapolation in both time and spatial scales, as well as a detailed understanding of the dominant physical mechanisms. The development of an understanding of large-scale processes requires an integrated approach.

This book explores the current cutting-edge interdisciplinary research in lithospheric rheology and provides a broad summary of the rheology and deformation of the continental lithosphere in both extensional and compressional settings. Individual chapters explore contemporary research resulting from laboratory, observational, and theoretical experiments.

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Applied Stratigraphy (Topics in Geobiology)

Few, if any, fundamental disciplines in the earth sciences have seen so many dramatic changes and developments as stratigraphy. The discipline has come to be applied progressively, and indispensably, to nearly all branches of the earth sciences, including such endeavors as charting the course and complexities of life evolution through time, understanding how ancient ecosystems developed and operated, and furnishing data pivotal to exploration and exploitation of strategic mineral resources.This book aims to incorporate major aspects and essential elements underpinning the modern applications and perspectives of stratigraphy. It focuses on traditional and innovative techniques and how these can be utilized in reconstructing the geological history of sedimentary basins and in solving manifold geological problems and phenomena. Each chapter summarizes contributions by leading researchers in the field. It is hoped that this book will provide the reader with key insights into all these aspects and applications.

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Onno Oncken, "The Andes"

Onno Oncken, "The Andes"
Springer | 2006-11-14 | ISBN: 3540243291 | 592 pages | PDF | 34 MB

This book will provide the first comprehensive overview of a complete subduction orogen, the Andes (considered to represent the type subduction belt on Earth), integrating the results from a wide variety of methods. For example, our results provide the so far densest and most highly resolved geophysical image of an active subduction orogen. Dense geodetic data and a range of geological observations complement these results. These all contribute towards a process-oriented understanding of the mechanisms driving subduction orogeny in its various manifestations. We plan to provide the results which were accumulated during 12 years of integrated research, by covering all fields of Earth Sciences in the various contributions to the volume, in a range of formats including a CD-Rom with maps, geological sections, geophysical results and a data depository. These may be complemented by an existing web site that will be further developed in close contact with the planned book.

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Simon Adams, David Lambert, "Earth Science: An Illustrated Guide to Science (Science Visual Resources)"

Simon Adams, David Lambert, "Earth Science: An Illustrated Guide to Science (Science Visual Resources)"
Chelsea House Publications | 2006 | ISBN: 0816061645 | 208 pages | PDF | 22,6 MB

"Earth Science: An Illustrated Guide to Science" is one of eight volumes of "Facts On File's" new "Science Visual Resources" set. Containing six sections, a comprehensive glossary, a Web site guide, and an index, Biology is an ideal learning tool for students and teachers of science. Full-colour diagrams, graphs, charts, and maps on every page illustrate the essential elements of the subject, while parallel text provides key definitions and step-by-step explanations. The six sections include: "Planet Earth" - considers Earth's place in the Solar System and its relationship to the Sun, the Moon, and the environment of interplanetary space. Topics covered in this section include solar and lunar eclipses, tides, seasons, and Earth's magnetic field. "Earth's History" - examines the basic principles used by geologists to determine the age of rocks and the use of fossil evidence in determining the sequence of geological events. There is a comprehensive survey of the history of life on Earth and a general description of each of the geological eons. A sequence of pages traces the history of the North American continent through each geological period, showing the prevailing conditions and the kind of life forms that have flourished there. "Earth's Rocks" - is concerned with the processes that create and modify Earth's geology. The relative abundance of minerals on our planet; the formation of igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks; and the processes of plate tectonics are examined in this section. "Air and Oceans" - is an overview of the shallow but complex layer of gas and water that surrounds our planet and supports all animal and plant life. The types and causes of all significant weather phenomena are covered here, as well as the intimate connections between the oceans and the atmosphere. Heat transfer between air and oceans and the planet-wide systems of circulation driven by solar energy are also explained here. "Erosion and Weathering" - looks at the constant wearing down of the Earth's rocks by the combined actions of the atmosphere and the oceans. Mechanical and chemical weathering, the formation and movement of soil, and the geological forms produced by the actions of rivers and glaciers are all featured in this section. Wind erosion and the formation and spread of desert landscapes are also covered. "Comparisons" - gives the relative scales of major planetary features, such as oceans, rivers, continents, and mountain ranges.

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domingo, 29 de agosto de 2010

Martin J. van Kranendonk, Hugh Smithies, Vickie Bennett “Earth's Oldest Rocks, Volume 15 (Developments in Precambrian Geology)"

Martin J. van Kranendonk, Hugh Smithies, Vickie Bennett “Earth's Oldest Rocks, Volume 15 (Developments in Precambrian Geology)"
Elsevier Science | 2007-11-01 | ISBN: 2007-11-01 | 1330 pages | PDF | 32,2 MB

Earths Oldest Rocks provides a comprehensive overview of all aspects of early Earth, from planetary accretion through to development of protocratons with depleted lithospheric keels by c. 3.2 Ga, in a series of papers written by over 50 of the world's leading experts. The book is divided into two chapters on early Earth history, ten chapters on the geology of specific cratons, and two chapters on early Earth analogues and the tectonic framework of early Earth. Individual contributions address topics that range from planetary accretion, a review of Earth meteorites, significance and composition of Hadean protocrust, composition of Archaean mantle and deep crust, all aspects of the geology of Paleoarchean cratons, composition of Archean oceans and hydrothermal environments, evidence and geological settings of early life, early Earth analogues from Venus and New Zealand, and a tectonic framework for early Earth.

* Contains comprehensive reviews of areas of ancient lithosphere on Earth, of planetary accretion processes, and of meteorites

* Focuses on specific aspects of early Earth, including oldest putative life forms, evidence of the composition of the ancient atmosphere-hydrosphere, and the oldest evidence for subduction-accretion

* Presents an overview of geological processes and model of the tectonic framework on early Earth

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The Ocean - Precambrian (Hadean-Archaean) [digipack 2CD](2007)

abel: Metal Blade Records
Release date: 2007-11-12
Catalog: 3984-14643-2

Review (Jason Jordan, www.metalreview.com)

Organized according to geological time, The Ocean’s ambitious third full-length Precambrian is a monster of an album that spans 84 minutes and unfolds over the course of two discs. The first is the heavy-handed Hadean/Archaean, the shorter of the two at about 22 minutes even, while Proterozoic, though certainly containing aggressive bursts during its approximate 62 minutes, also offers the lighter side of the spectrum. And for those of you who haven’t explored the music of this German collective, Precambrian is an unabashed triumph that easily trumps all previous endeavors.

Hadean/Archaean

As outlined above, H/A is the heavier offering here, and avoids dawdling by launching directly into “Hadean / The Long March of the Yes-Men” – a keyboard-rich attack laced with loose, gravelly growls and The Ocean’s signature riffs and tumbling rhythms. Often grouped in with Georgians Mastodon, it’s “Eoarchaean / The Great Void” that parallels them most via roller coaster peaks and valleys, similar tones, and convincing instrumental sections. While “Palaeoarchaean / Man and the Sea” is fast with a hardcore punk-like tempo, the groove-oriented follower “Mesoarchaean / Legions of Winged Octopi” is the true crusher of the bunch, even rivaling “The City in the Sea” from the 2005 affair Aeolian, but “Neoarchaean / To Burn the Duck of Doubt” also momentarily sets itself apart with its optimistic, Pelican-esque melodies.

Proterozoic

Noticeably mellower from the get-go – due primarily to instrumental, sax-laden intro “Siderian” – Proterozoic again lends credence to the Neur-Isis comparisons that The Ocean have garnered since their 2004 debut long-player FluXion. “Rhyacian / Untimely Meditations” provides the first real taste of clean vocals, along with piano, glockenspiel, and orchestral instruments such as the viola, violin, and cello during its lax opening and laidback portions, but soon the growls take the helm before stepping into the background, albeit not for good as the latter part has its share of earth-shattering moments. “Orosirian / For the Great Blue Cold Now Reigns” is when and where the Neurosis, Isis, and Cult of Luna-isms rear their heads, and the crashing waves prove this assertion repeatedly as they do elsewhere. “Statherian,” however, is a regal instrumental that eventually crescendos into an impressive romp replete with soundclips, layered melodies, and a medieval close. Also vocal-free is the ninth and final track “Cryogenian.” Proterozoic’s middle, consisting of “Calymmian / Lake Disappointment,” doomy dirge “Ecstasian / De Profundis,” and “Stenian / Mount Sorrow” also employ the drifting/crashing dichotomy found in likeminded mobs, but is no less arresting than the surrounding material. In fact, even the tail end, comprised of “Tonian / Confessions of a Dangerous Mind” and classical-influenced outro “Cryogenian,” holds its own among stellar company.

Not only are there two discs, but there are separate booklets that correspond to each. While the two discs are categorized by eons, the songs are divided into sections based on eras, and the songs themselves are named after periods, except for those of the first disc, which are named after eras, too. Does this make it difficult to recall their titles and/or give a fuck about them in the first place? Frankly, yes. However, every track has a second, non-geological name that appears in the liner notes, also listed above, but not on the tray insert, so there’s hope yet for those who want to memorize the titles to yell them out during The Ocean’s shows. In addition, another flaw is that of double disc releases in general – one CD will take usually take precedence over the other. I’m not convinced that they couldn’t have shaved a few minutes here and there to condense the material so that it’d fit on a single, rotund piece of plastic, because, to be honest, Precambrian isn’t the most fluid album anyway.

Regardless, this is by and large The Ocean’s finest hour in spite of its minuscule weaknesses. In line with the TO MO, there are guest appearances from the likes of Dwid Hellion (Integrity), Eric Kalsbeek (Textures), Nate Newton (Converge, Doomriders), Caleb Scofield (Cave In, Old Man Gloom, Zozobra), and the Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra, obviously excluding the mass of other contributors, making Precambrian all the more alluring. Thankfully, there’s a wealth of information on the band’s official website, so if you’re looking for more, that’s the place to visit. Otherwise, all you need to know is that this rocks hard, and is one of the best albums of 2007.

- Track List

Disc 1 (Hadean/Archaean)

I.Hadean
1. Hadean - 3:48

II.Archaean
2. Eorchean - 4:45
3. Paleoachean - 2:46
4. Mesoarchean - 5:20
5. Neoarchean - 5:24

Disc 2 (Proterozoic):

III.Palaeoproterozoic
1. Siderian - 1:56
2. Rhyacian - 10:57
3. Orosirian - 6:29
4. Statherian - 5:57

IV.Mesoproterozoic
5. Calymmian - 8:18
6. Ectasian - 8:58
7. Stenian - 8:19

V.Neoproterozoic
8. Tonian - 7:18
9. Cryogenian - 3:29

lossless, Disc 1 (166 MB)

http://rapidshare.com/files/114572898/TO07PCD1.part2.rar

lossless, Disc 2 (423 MB)

http://rapidshare.com/files/114575295/TO07PCD2.part1.rar

http://rapidshare.com/files/114577860/TO07PCD2.part2.rar

http://rapidshare.com/files/114580155/TO07PCD2.part3.rar

http://rapidshare.com/files/114582572/TO07PCD2.part4.rar

http://rapidshare.com/files/114583177/TO07PCD2.part5.rar

covers 600dpi (29 MB)

http://rapidshare.com/files/114583922/TO07PCOV.rar

Eduardo A.M. Koutsoukos (Editor), "Applied Stratigraphy"

Few, if any, fundamental disciplines in the earth sciences have seen so many dramatic changes and developments as stratigraphy. The discipline has come to be applied progressively, and indispensably, to nearly all branches of the earth sciences, including such endeavors as charting the course and complexities of life evolution through time, understanding how ancient ecosystems developed and operated, and furnishing data pivotal to exploration and exploitation of strategic mineral resources.

This book aims to incorporate major aspects and essential elements underpinning the modern applications and perspectives of stratigraphy. It focuses on traditional and innovative techniques and how these can be utilized in reconstructing the geological history of sedimentary basins and in solving manifold geological problems and phenomena. Each chapter summarizes contributions by leading researchers in the field. It is hoped that this book will provide the reader with key insights into all these aspects and applications.

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Paul D. Spudis, "The Geology of Multi-Ring Impact Basins: The Moon and Other Planets"

Paul D. Spudis, "The Geology of Multi-Ring Impact Basins: The Moon and Other Planets"
Cambridge University Press | 1993 | ISBN: 0521261031, 0521619238 | 277 pages | PDF | 31,4 MB

The author covers the formation and development of basins and considers their chemistry and mineralogy. He studies their effects on the volcanic, tectonic and geological evolution of the planet, including the catastrophic consequence on the planetary climate and evolution of life. The Terrestrial Planets are also examined. This study is lavishly illustrated with many spectacular, highly-detailed photographs and diagrams.

• A comprehensive geological survey of large impact craters on the moon • A spectacular portfolio of lunar photographs • A study of the geological evolution of the planets and their satellites

Contents

Preface; 1. The multi-ring basin problem; 2. From crater to basin; 3. The 'archetype' basin: Orientale; 4. An ancient basin: Nectaris; 5. A modified basin: Crisium; 6. A transitional basin: Serenitatis; 7. The largest basin: Imbrium; 8. Geological processes in the formation of lunar basins; 9. Multi-ring basins on the terrestrial planets; 10. Multi-ring basins and planetary evolution; References.

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Earthquake Geodynamics : Seismic Case Studies

Unless the geological, tectonic, seismological and engineering aspects of earthquakes are mastered, constructions will never be safe. A thorough knowledge of earthquake geodynamics is also vital if the safety/cost ratio of all constructions is to be increased.

Containing contributions from renowned geoscientists with first-hand experience, this book discusses various aspects of earthquake geodynamics in seismically active regions. The chapters include lessons learnt from earthquakes that have struck urban areas during the past two decades and cover a wide variety of topics including the analysis of seismic sequences, the study of surficial deformation and geophysical techniques for microzonation purposes.

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R. D. Barker, J. H. Tellam - Fluid Flow and Solute Movement in Sandstones: the Onshore UK Permo-Triassic Red Bed Sequence

R. D. Barker, J. H. Tellam - Fluid Flow and Solute Movement in Sandstones: the Onshore UK Permo-Triassic Red Bed Sequence
Publisher: Geological Society of London | 2006-09-01 | ISBN: 1862392048 | PDF | 352 pages | 21.93 MB

Sandstone aquifers are common worldwide: they contain a significant proportion of the Earth's fresh water supplies. However, because of their textural complexity and the frequent occurrence of both matrix and fracture flow, prediction of flow and pollutant migration is still a considerable challenge. This volume contains a collection of papers summarizing current research on an example sandstone aquifer: the UK Permo-Triassic Sandstone sequence. These red bed, organic-poor sandstones are of fluvial and aeolian origin, are often strongly textured, and are cut by discontinuities of a wide range of permeabilities. Matrix flow often dominates, but fracture flow also occurs. The papers in the volume deal with research on saturated and unsaturated flow, and solute and non-aqueous-phase liquid movement. They cover investigations from laboratory to regional scale, and involve a wide range of approaches, from petrophysical through geophysical and hydrochemical to modelling. The book is intended to be of interest to researchers and practitioners involved in water resources and groundwater pollution, and to hydrogeology, water engineering, and environmental science students.

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G. Yirgu, Cindy J. Ebinger, P. K. H. Maguire - The Afar Volcanic Province within the East African Rift System

G. Yirgu, Cindy J. Ebinger, P. K. H. Maguire - The Afar Volcanic Province within the East African Rift System
Publisher: Geological Society of London | 2006-06-01 | ISBN: 1862391963 | PDF | 336 pages | 50.72 MB

The seismically and volcanically active East African Rift System is an ideal laboratory for continental break-up processes: it encompasses all stages of rift development. Its northernmost sectors within the Afar volcanic province include failed rifts, nascent sea-floor spreading, and youthful passive continental margins associated with one or more mantle plumes. A number of models have been proposed to explain the success and failure of continental rift zones, but there remains no consensus on how strain localizes to achieve rupture of initially 125-250 km-thick plates, or on the interaction between the plates and asthenospheric processes. This collection of papers provides new structural, stratigraphic, geochemical and geophysical data and numerical models needed to resolve fundamental questions concerning continental break-up and mantle plume processes. The focus is on how mantle melt intrudes and is distributed through the plate, and how this magma intrusion process controls along-axis segmentation and facilitates break-up.

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P. K. Harvey, T. S. Brewer, P. A. Pezard, V. A. Petrov - Petrophysical Properties of Crystalline Rocks

P. K. Harvey, T. S. Brewer, P. A. Pezard, V. A. Petrov - Petrophysical Properties of Crystalline Rocks
Publisher: Geological Society of London | 2005-01-01 | ISBN: 1862391734 | PDF | 351 pages | 25.57 MB

Boreholes are commonly drilled into crystalline rocks to evaluate their suitability for various applications such as waste disposal (including nuclear waste), geothermal energy, hydrology, sequestration of greenhouse gases and for fault analysis. Crystalline rocks include igneous, metamorphic and even some sedimentary rocks. The quantification and understanding of individual rock masses requires extensive modelling and an analysis of various physical and chemical parameters. This volume covers the following aspects of the petrophysical properties of crystalline rocks: fracturing and deformation, oceanic basement studies, permeability and hydrology and laboratory-based studies. With the growing demands for sustainable and environmentally effective development of the subsurface, the petrophysics of crystalline rocks is becoming an increasingly important field.

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R. P. Shaw - Understanding the Micro to Macro Behaviour of Rock-Fluid Systems

R. P. Shaw - Understanding the Micro to Macro Behaviour of Rock-Fluid Systems
Publisher: Geological Society of London | 2005-09-16 | ISBN: 1862391866 | PDF | 176 pages | 13.27 MB

Understanding how fluids flow through rocks is very important in a number of fields. Almost all of the worldÂ’s oil and gas are produced from underground reservoirs. Knowledge of how they got where they are, what keeps them there and how they migrate through the rock is very important in the search for new resources, as well as for maximising the extraction of as much of the contained oil/gas as possible. Similar understanding is important for managing groundwater resources and for predicting how hazardous or radioactive wastes or carbon dioxide will behave if stored or disposed of underground. Unravelling the complex behaviour of fluids as they flow through rock is difficult, but important. We cannot see through rock, so we need to predict how and where fluids flow. Understanding the type of rock, its porosity, the character and pattern of fractures within it and how fluid flows through it are important. Some contributors to this volume have been trying to understand real rocks in real situations and others have been working on computer models and laboratory simulations. Put together, these approaches have yielded very useful results, many of which are discussed in this volume.

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M. R. Allen, G. P. Goffey, R. K. Morgan, I. M. Walker - The Deliberate Search for the Stratigraphic Trap

M. R. Allen, G. P. Goffey, R. K. Morgan, I. M. Walker - The Deliberate Search for the Stratigraphic Trap
Publisher: Geological Society of London | 2006-03-31 | ISBN: 1862391920 | PDF | 312 pages | 39.29 MB

Twenty-three years have elapsed since the publication of Halbouty's AAPG Memoir of 1982 The Deliberate Search for the Subtle Trap. Since then, the technologies employed in hydrocarbon exploration have become extraordinarily sophisticated, yet current exploration for stratigraphic traps is to some extent restricted to areas where seismic data simplifies exploration by allowing direct inference of fluid fill and reservoir development. This Special Publication draws upon contributions that examine current industry perceptions of stratigraphic trap exploration and the technologies, tools and philosophies employed in such exploration, given the changing industry environment. This book contains a collection of papers examining a number of themes related to exploration for stratigraphic traps, ranging from play and risk assessment, through regional assessments of stratigraphic trapping potential, specific exploration programmes targeted at stratigraphic traps to specific working traps and plays where stratigraphic trapping is prevalent.

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domingo, 22 de agosto de 2010

R. J. Davies; H. W. Posamentier; L. J. Wood, J.A. Cartwright - Seismic Geomorphology: applications to hydrocarbon exploration and production

R. J. Davies; H. W. Posamentier; L. J. Wood, J.A. Cartwright - Seismic Geomorphology: applications to hydrocarbon exploration and production
Publisher: Geological Society of London | 2007-04-01 | ISBN: 1862392234 | PDF | 288 pages | 53.46 MB

We are poised to embark on a new era of discovery in the study of geomorphology. The discipline has a long and illustrious history, but in recent years an entirely new way of studying landscapes and seascapes has been developed. It involves the use of 3D seismic data. Just as CAT scans allow medical staff to view our anatomy in 3D, seismic data now allows Earth scientists to do what the early geomorphologists could only dream of - view tens and hundreds of square kilometres of the Earth's subsurface in 3D and therefore see for the first time how landscapes have evolved through time. This volume demonstrates how Earth scientists are starting to use this relatively new tool to study the dynamic evolution of a range of sedimentary environments.

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R. M. Teeuw - Mapping Hazardous Terrain using Remote Sensing

R. M. Teeuw - Mapping Hazardous Terrain using Remote Sensing
Publisher: Geological Society of London | 2007-08-15 | ISBN: 1862392293 | PDF | 357 pages | 12.00 MB

The dangers that we face from geohazards appear to be getting worse, especially with the impact of increasing population and global climate change. This collection of papers illustrates how remote sensing technologies - measuring, mapping and monitoring the Earths surface from aircraft or satellites - can help us to rapidly detect and better manage geohazards. The hazardous terrains examined include areas of landslides, flooding, erosion, contaminated land, shrink-swell clays, subsidence, seismic activity and volcanic landforms. Key aspects of remote sensing are introduced, making this a book that can easily be read by those who are unfamiliar with remote sensing. The featured remote sensing systems include aerial photography and photogrammetry, thermal scanning, hyperspectral sensors, airborne laser altimetry (LiDAR), radar interferometry and multispectral satellites (Landsat, ASTER). Related technologies and methodologies, such as the processing of Digital Elevation Models and data analysis using Geographical Information Systems, are also discussed.

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H. Lewis, G. D. Couples - The Relationship between Damage and Localization

H. Lewis, G. D. Couples - The Relationship between Damage and Localization
Publisher: Geological Society of London | 2007-11-15 | ISBN: 1862392366 | PDF | 254 pages | 14.50 MB

The many kinds of porous geomaterials (rocks, soils, concrete, etc.) exhibit a range of responses when undergoing inelastic deformation. In doing so they commonly develop well-ordered fabric elements, forming fractures, shear bands and compaction bands, so creating the planar fabrics that are regarded as localization. Because these induced localization fabrics alter the bulk material properties (such as permeability, acoustic characteristics and strength), it is important to understand how and why localization occurs, and how it relates to its setting. The concept of damage (in several uses) describes both the precursor to localization and the context within which it occurs. A key theme is that geomaterials display a strong material evolution during deformation, revealing a close linkage between the damage and localization processes.

This volume assembles perspectives from a number of disciplines, including soil mechanics, rock mechanics, structural geology, seismic anisotropy and reservoir engineering. The papers range from theoretical to observational, and include contributions showing how the deformed geomaterials emergent bulk characteristics, like permeability and seismic anisotropy, can be predicted. This book will be of interest to a wide range of geoscientists and engineers who deal with characterization of deformed materials.